amakuru

Nyakanga ni igihe cy'impeshyi, kandi mu gihe cy'izuba rishyushye kandi ritose, ibiryo bishobora kuba ahantu heza ho kwanduza bagiteri igihe icyo ari cyo cyose. Cyane cyane imbuto n'imboga, iyo imbuto n'imboga bishya biguzwe bitabitswe muri firigo, bishobora kubikwa umunsi umwe gusa. Kandi buri mpeshyi, hari abantu benshi barwara impiswi iterwa no "kurya nabi", baba abantu bakuru n'abana, akenshi bakitiranywa no kurya "ubukonje". Mu by'ukuri, ibiryo cyangwa ibinyobwa biri mu bushyuhe buke bituma bamwe mu nshuti bagira ikibazo cyo kugabanuka kw'amara vuba, ariko muri rusange ntibituma abantu biruka bajya mu bwiherero inshuro nyinshi ku munsi. Muri iki gihe rero, ikintu cya mbere ugomba gusuzuma ni ubwandu bw'amara buterwa n'isuku y'ibiryo. Ese ibiryo binyobwa birabora kandi bikangirika? None se twarya dute imbuto n'imboga nshya mu mpeshyi ishyushye?

Muri iki gihe, ikintu cya mbere dutekerezaho ni ububiko bwa firigo. Ariko, hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa bibikwa muri firigo, muri byo harimo ibiryo byinshi "bitera bagiteri" muri firigo, nk'amagi ashobora kuba arimo salmonella, n'inyama mbisi, imbuto n'imboga zishobora kuba zifite Escherichia coli itera indwara, Staphylococcus aureus itera indwara n'udukoko. Kandi firigo ifite igihe cyo kubika. Muri rusange, ibiryo bifata iminsi 2-3 bigomba kuribwa, bitabaye ibyo bizabora muri firigo uko igihe kigenda gihita. Muri icyo gihe, firigo ifite umwanya runaka wo kubika, ukoreshwa gusa mu ngo. Niba ari supermarket nini, twabibika dute mu bacuruzi bacuruza ibyo twaguze?

Kubera iterambere ry’ubukungu mpuzamahanga, gutumiza no kohereza hanze imbuto n’imboga byabaye ikintu gisanzwe. Muri iki kibazo, tugomba kwiga ubwoko bushya bw’ibirinda ingaruka mbi ku bimera - 1-MCP imbuto n’imboga. Iki gicuruzwa kimaze gukorwa, cyakiriye neza cyane. Kubera ko iki gitera ingaruka mbi ku bimera, gifite umutekano mwinshi, kandi gifite akamaro kanini. Ubutaha, reka tuvuge ku bintu bigize ibirinda ingaruka mbi ku bimera n’imboga bya 1-MCP.

1-Methylcyclopropene ni iki?

1-Methylcyclopropene, mu magambo ahinnye nka 1-MCP mu Cyongereza,CAS 3100-04-7Formula ya shimi ni C4H6. Mu bushyuhe busanzwe n'umuvuduko usanzwe, isa na gaze idafite ibara, ntabwo ari uburozi kandi nta buryohe ifite, ifite ubucucike bwa 0.838g/cm3. Ni imvange ya Cyclopropene ikora cyane. 1-Methyl Cyclopropene ikoreshwa cyane nk'igenzura ry'imikurire y'ibimera kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu bijyanye no kubungabunga ibimera. Ifite ibyiza byo kudakoresha neza, kubungabunga neza no kurinda umutekano mwinshi.

Ibiranga 1-MCP

1-MCP ishobora kubuza irekurwa rya ethylene n'ibimera ubwabyo, ndetse ikabuza ethylene gufatana n'uduce dufitanye isano mu turemangingo tw'ibimera, bityo ikabuza ethylene gukura. Kubwibyo, gukoresha 1-Methylcyclopene bishobora kongera igihe cyo gukura no gusaza kw'ibimera, bityo bikongera igihe cyo kubikwa, bikagabanya kwangirika no gusenyuka kw'imyanda mu gihe cyo gutwara no kubika, kandi bikongera igihe cyo kubikwa cy'ibicuruzwa.

Gukoresha 1-MCP

1-MCPishobora gukoreshwa mu kubungabunga imbuto, imboga, n'indabyo kugira ngo hirindwe ko ibimera bishwanyagurika. Urugero, iyo ikoreshejwe ku mbuto n'imboga nka pome, amapera, pomme, kiwifruit, n'inyanya, ishobora gutinda kwera kwazo, ikagabanya amazi aturuka mu kirere, kandi ikabungabunga ubukana bwazo, uburyohe bwazo, n'imiterere yazo mu ntungamubiri; Mu bijyanye no kubungabunga indabyo, ishobora gukomeza ibara n'impumuro nziza y'indabyo. Byongeye kandi, 1-Methylcyclopene ishobora no kunoza uburyo ibimera birwanya indwara.1-Methylcyclopeneni intambwe nshya mu kubungabunga imbuto n'imboga nyuma yo kuvugurura ikirere.

Nyuma y’icyorezo, ubukungu bwaragarutse, kandi iterambere ry’ubucuruzi ku isi ryagendaga rikura buhoro buhoro. Buri mwaka, buri gihugu cyatangaga imbuto n’imboga nyinshi zo mu gace. Bitewe n’iterambere rito ry’ibicuruzwa by’ubuhinzi mu buryo bukonje, hafi 85% by’imbuto n’imboga byakoreshaga ibikoresho bisanzwe, bigatuma habaho igihombo kinini, ibyo bikaba byaranatanze isoko rinini ryo kwamamaza no gukoresha.1-methyl CyclopropeneBityo rero, bigaragara ko 1-MCP ifite amahirwe menshi yo gutera imbere, atari gusa ku mbuto n'imboga zitandukanye zo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero, ahubwo inashobora kongera uburyo bwo kubika no kumara igihe nyuma yo gusarura, cyane cyane ku mbuto n'imboga ziterwa na ethylene, kandi ishobora kugumana ubwiza bw'imbuto n'imboga igihe kirekire.