Kuva mu ntangiriro z'impeshyi, ubushyuhe mu turere dutandukanye bwakomeje kwiyongera. Twese tuzi ko imbuto n'imboga birushaho kwangirika uko ubushyuhe bwiyongera. Ibi biterwa nuko imboga n'imbuto zirimo intungamubiri nyinshi na enzymes ubwazo. Uko ubushyuhe bwiyongera, guhumeka kw'imbuto n'imboga bigenda byihuta. Byongeye kandi, ubushyuhe bwinshi buzongera cyane ikwirakwira rya bagiteri na fungi, bigatuma imbuto zihuta kwangirika. Bityo rero, uburyo bwo kubungabunga imbuto n'imboga mu mpeshyi bwabaye kimwe mu bibazo buri wese ahangayikishijwe na byo.
Nkuko bizwi, hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'imbuto z'ibihe mu mpeshyi, zitandukanye n'imbuto z'umuhindo kandi zishobora kumanikwa ku biti igihe kirekire. Iyo imbuto mu mpeshyi zidatowe ku gihe nyuma yo kwera, zishobora kubora cyangwa kuribwa n'inyoni. Kubwibyo, ibi bisaba abahinzi gutoragura no gushyira mu byuma bikonjesha imbuto n'imboga nyuma yo kwera. Duhanganye n'umushinga munini nk'uyu, ni gute twarushaho kubika imbuto n'imboga mu mpeshyi?
Mu buzima bwa buri munsi, mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi, dukunze gukoresha firigo yacu mu rugo kugira ngo tubungabunge ubushyuhe bw'imbuto n'imboga. Birumvikana ko ibi bizagabanya ku rugero runaka ingano y'ibyo dugura. Mu maduka manini, ububiko bukonje bushobora gukoreshwa mu kubika, ibyo bikaba byongera ikiguzi cyo kubika. Duhanganye n'iki kibazo, twakoze ikoranabuhanga rya 1-mcp, ritanduye, ritangiza uburozi, kandi ritagira ibisigazwa by'ibimera, rifite akamaro kanini mu kongera igihe cyo kubika imboga, imbuto n'indabyo.
1-MCP ni iki?
1-MCPni 1-Methylcyclopene, cas No.3100-04-71-MCP, nk'umusemburo wa cyclopropene, ni umuti mwiza kandi ntugira uburozi. Mu by'ukuri, ni umusemburo urwanya ethylene kandi uri mu cyiciro cy'ibikoresho bigenzura imikurire y'ibimera. Nk'umusemburo wo kubungabunga ibiryo, wakoreshejwe cyane mu bucuruzi. Abakwirakwiza ibiribwa benshi bakoresha 1-MCP kugira ngo babibike ahantu hagenzurwa mu bubiko bw'imbuto, bishobora kumara amezi menshi.1-Methylcyclopropen (1-MCP)ikemura neza ikibazo cy'ingorane zo kubika imbuto n'imboga nshya mu mpeshyi.
Ibisobanuro bya 1-MCP:
| Ikintu | Igisanzwe | Ibisubizo |
| Isura | Ifu yera hafi | Abafite Impamyabushobozi |
| Isuzuma (%) | ≥3.3 | 3.6 |
| Ubuziranenge (%) | ≥98 | 99.9 |
| Umwanda | Nta mwanda wa macroscopic | Nta mwanda wa macroscopic |
| Ubushuhe (%) | ≤10.0 | 5.2 |
| Ivu (%) | ≤2.0 | 0.2 |
| Amazi ashongeshwa | Ingero ya 1g yashongeshejwe yose muri garama 100 z'amazi | Yashongeshejwe yose |
Ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya 1-MCP:
1-Methylcyclopropeneishobora gukoreshwa mu kubungabunga imbuto, imboga, n'indabyo kugira ngo wirinde kubora no kuma. Urugero, ishobora gukoreshwa ku mbuto n'imboga zitandukanye nka pome, amapera, cherries, epinari, amashu, seleri, urusenda, karoti, nibindi. Inshingano yayo nyamukuru ni ukugabanya amazi aturuka mu kirere, gutinda kwera kw'imbuto n'imboga, no kubungabunga ubukana bwazo, uburyohe bwazo, n'imiterere yazo mu ntungamubiri; Ku bijyanye n'indabyo, 1-Methylcyclopropene ishobora kwemeza ibara n'impumuro y'indabyo, nka tulips, indabyo esheshatu, carnations, orchids, nibindi. Byongeye kandi, 1-MCP ishobora kongera ubushobozi bwo kurwanya indwara z'ibimera nk'indabyo. Gukoresha cyane1-MCPni intambwe nshya mu kubungabunga imbuto, imboga n'indabo.
1-Methylcyclopropene ishobora kugabanya cyane uburyo imbuto n'imboga byoroha kandi bikabora, kandi ikongera igihe cyo kubibika no kubibika. Bitewe n'iterambere rito ry'uburyo bwo koroshya ibicuruzwa ku bihingwa, hafi 85% by'imbuto n'imboga zikoresha uburyo busanzwe bwo koroshya no gutakaza umusaruro. Kubwibyo, kwamamaza no gukoresha 1-methylcyclopropene bitanga isoko rinini.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-18-2023